DePIN stands for Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks. It’s one of the most promising trends in Web3, but also one of the least understood.
Unlike most crypto projects, DePIN is tied to the real world. It’s about building and running actual physical systems. Networks of antennas, energy grids, sensors, and devices—using the tools of blockchain.
At the core, DePIN uses four key elements to coordinate large, distributed infrastructure without relying on central authorities.
1. Physical Assets
DePIN projects are based on real-world devices. These could be GPS reference stations, solar panels, or weather sensors. For example, Onocoy is a network that improves GPS accuracy using community-owned stations that deliver centimeter-level precision.
2. Token Incentives
Tokens are used to fund the build-out and reward participants. Think of it like a public infrastructure project, but instead of government funding, the network uses tokens to crowdsource investment and participation. Helium is a good example. It paid people with HNT tokens to install wireless hotspots.
3. Decentralized Governance
Instead of being controlled by a single company or government, DePIN projects are governed by communities. Owners of infrastructure help make decisions. This helps reduce costs and improve resilience.
4. Three-Sided Markets
DePINs often include three groups:
Balancing incentives between these groups is the hardest part. For example, WiHi is a weather data network. One group runs stations, another builds AI tools, and a third, logistics and insurance companies, uses the data.
Building software is one thing. Coordinating hardware and people in the real world is much harder. You need logistics, local knowledge, and a deep understanding of the industry you’re trying to change.
There’s also the “chicken and egg” problem. If no one is using the network, then tokens aren’t worth much. But without token rewards, no one wants to build. This is why demand-side thinking is key. Without real users, the network fails.
Onocoy tries to solve this with a model where tokens are minted only when real services are used. This links token value directly to actual utility.
Switzerland is known for its infrastructure. Railways, tunnels, and power systems are national strengths. There’s also strong academic research, engineering talent, and a culture of quality and precision.
It’s a natural place to experiment with new models like DePIN. And it’s why Trust Square is investing in this space, helping launch projects and host dialogues that shape the next wave of decentralized infrastructure.
DePIN is not just theory. It’s happening now.
🔗 Explore upcoming DePIN events and take part in the movement:
Join the builders, thinkers, and policymakers who are shaping the future of real-world infrastructure.